PSYCHIATRIC SEQUELAE OF PHYSICAL DISORDERS
Physical Conditions Psychiatric Sequelae
1. Vitamin Deficiency
a. Pellagra (Nicolinic Acid Deficiency) Fatigue, Lassitude, Depression, Suicidal ideas, Paranoid ideas, Confusion, Disorientation, Delirium
b. Beriberi (Thiamine Deficiency) Depression, Irritability, Excitement,
Quarrelsomeness, Weakness, Apathy,
Sleeplessness, Poor appetite, Delirium,
Apprehension, Confusion
c. Pernicious Anaemia (B12 deficiency) Headache, Malaise, Fatigue, Irritability,
Depression, Paranoid Symptoms, Hallucinations
2. Metabolic Disorders
a. Water intoxication Lassitude, Mood changes, Clouding of
(Cellular overhydration) consciousness
b. Dehydration Delirium, Hallucination
c. Anoxia Anxiety, Confusion, Hallucinations
d. Hypercapnia Confusion, Disorientation,
(CO2 intoxication) Hallucinations
e. Sodium Depletion Fatigue, Apathy, Disorientation,
Clouding of consciousness
f. Potassium Depletion Depression, Suicidal ideas, Tension,
Lethargy, Irritability
g. Porphyria Clouding of consciousness, Depression,
Paranoid ideas, Hallucination,
h. Hepatic Failure Euphoria or Depression, Delirium,
Emotional lability and Incontinence
i. Uraemia Delirium, Restlessness, Psychosis
j. Cardiac failure Impaired Concentration and Memory,
Emotional lability, Delirium
3. Endocrine Disturbances
a. Hypothyroidism Loss of interest, Apathy, Dullness,
Slowness of Comprehension, Lethargy,
Psychomotor Retardation, Depressive
and Paranoid ideas, Memory deficits.
b. Hyperthyroidism Anxiety, Tension, Restlessness
c. Hypoparathyroidism Anxiety, Mood disturbances, Psychosis
with Delusions and Hallucinations
d. Hyperparathyroidism Impaired concentration, Emotional
lability, Irritability, Depression,
Paranoid ideas
e. Hypopituitarism Indifference, Apathy, Lethargy,
Depression, Irritability, Memory
disturbances
f. Hypoglycemia Anxiety, Confusion, Psychomotor
agitation, Delusions, Hallucinations
g. Diabetes Mellitus Lethargy, Irritability, Depression
h. Cushing’s Syndrome Acute anxiety, Depression, Agitation,
Paranoid delusions, Excitement,
Emotional lability
i. Addison’s Disease Apathy, Diminution of drives,
Paranoid ideas, Delirium, Depression,
Memory Disturbances
4. Infection
a. HIV Infection Anxiety, Depression
b. Viral infection Depression
c. Rheumatic fever Apathy, Sulkiness, Irritability, Emotional lability
d. Pulmonary Tuberculosis Malaise, Fatigue, Euphoria
e. Malaria Excitement, Delirium
f. Enteric Fever Clouding of consciousness, Hypo-manic symptoms or Depression
g. Meningitis Irritability, Emotional disturbances, Delirium,
and encephalitis Delusional Ideas, Hallucination, Confusion
h. Septicaemia Apathy or Euphoria, Drowsiness
5. Collagen Diseases
SLE Emotional lability, Organic brain syndrome, Depression
6. Neurological Illnesses
a. Disseminated Sclerosis Euphoria, Depression. Memory disturbances,
Irritability
b. Parkinsonism Depression
c. Brain Tumors Mood changes, Psychosis, Memory disturbances,
Clouding of consciousness
d. Cerebrovascular Accidents Irritability, Apathy, Lability of mood, Depression Aggressiveness
e. Brain Injury Memory disturbances, Disorientation, Clouding of consciousness, Delirium, Dementia
f. Subdural Haematoma Poor concentration, Fluctuating consciousness,
Excitement, Somnolence, Memory defects,
Apathy, Delirium
7. Other Illnesses
a. Essential Hypertension Fatigue, Anxiety, Irritability, Depression,
Impaired Concentration
b. Myocardial Infarction Anxiety, Depression, Mood changes
c. Bronchial Asthma Irritability, Depression
d. Malignancy Depression, Cognitive disturbances
8. Drugs
- Reserpine Depression
- Methyldopa Depression, Nightmares
- Clonidine Depression
- Phenothiazines Depression
- Analgesics Depression
- Levodopa Depression, Hallucinations, Confusion
- Oral Contraceptives Depression, At times Elation
h. Corticosteriods Elation, Euphoria or Depression, Mania, Psychosis with Hallucination and Delusions
i. INH Elation, Mania
j. Amphetamines Hallucinations, Paranoid Ideas, Agitation,
Anxiety, Manic Symptoms, Depression
k. Anabolic Steroids Psychosis, Mania, Depression, Paranoia
l. Anticholinergics Confusion, Memory Loss, Disorientation,
and Atropine Auditory and Visual Hallucinations
Fear, Incoherent Speech, Delirium with high fever, Flushed dry skin
m. Anti Convulsants Agitation, Confusion, Delirium, Depression,
Psychosis
n. Antihistamine H20 - Blockers Hallucinations
o. Barbiturates Excitement, Hyperactivity, Visual Hallucinations
Depression, Delirium, Tremens like Syndrome
p. Benzodiazepines Rage, Hostility, Paranoia, Hallucinations,
Delirium
q. Beta-Adrenergic Blockers Psychosis, Delirium, Hallucinations
r. Caffeine Anxiety, Confusion, Psychotic Symptoms
s. Chloroquine Confusion, Delusion, Hallucinations, Mania
t. Dapsone Insomnia, Agitation, Hallucinations, Mania,
Depression
u. Digitalis Glycosides Delirium, Depression, Decreased Libido, Psychosis
v. Disulfiram Delirium, Depression, Psychosis
w. Estrogens Panic Attacks, Depression
x. Isoniazid Psychosis, Hallucinations
y. Metronidazole Depression, Agitation, Uncontrollable, Crying
z. Narcotics Nightmares, Agitation, Dysphoria, Paranoia
z1. Nosteroidal Depression, Paranoia, Psychosis
Anti-inflammatory Drugs
z2. Quindine Confusion, Agitation, Psychosis
z3. Sulfonamides Confusion, Depression, Euphoria, Hallucinations
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