Sunday 18 December 2011

NEUROTIC AND SOMATOFORM DISORDER


NEUROTIC AND SOMATOFORM DISORDER


The term ‘Neurosis’ is derived from the Greek word ‘neuron’ which means ‘nerve’. Neurosis constituted a class of diseases attributable to a general affectation of the nervous system. Neurosis were divided into four orders Comato (apoplexy, paralysis), Adynamias (including hypochondrasis), the spasms (including epilepsy, tetanus and hysteria) and the vesanias (madness). Vesanias has three subgroups –amentia, melancholia and oneirdynia. Cater, epilepsy and paralysis were removed from ‘neurosis’ Vesarial or the group of severe mental disorders was transferred to another category called ‘psychosis’ (term suggested by Feuchtersleben in 1845). Every psychosis is neurosis, at the same time neurosis is not a psychosis. Neurosis encompassed all psychiatric disorders, where as psychosis referred to more severe ones only. Psychosis refers to the group of major mental disorder, which are severe in degree, and where the patients due to his delusions and hallucination is cut away from reality. Neuroses are described as major mental illnesses, where the patient’s touch with reality is retained and where there is no deterioration of personality in the course of illness. They retain their insight.

The term psychotic denotes symptoms like delusions, hallucinations or excitement and conditions characterized by morbid mood alternations, disorganizations of thought and withdrawal from reality. The term neurotic implies the absence of the above and indicates a pattern of maladaptation with people and surroundings.

Neurotic disorders are grouped under neurotic, stress related and somatoform disorders, which have the following main categories:

  1. Anxiety disorders
  2. Obsessive – Compulsive disorders
  3. Dissociative (conversion) disorders
  4. Stress related disorders
  5. Somatoform disorders

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